The usage of functional magnetic resonance imaging of brain in neurosurgery

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a modern, non-invasive method of the neurovisualisation allowed measuring and localizing specific areas of the human brain, responsible for some functions, without application of radiation. Physiological principles of fMRI are based on detecting of small changes in blood flow in the brain areas in response to increasing demands during metabolic activation. This technique has grown rapidly in popularity over the past decade and is being used increasingly in neurosurgery for both preoperative planning and intraoperative neurosurgical decision making in patients with brain tumors and other neurosurgical pathologies such as intractable epilepsy. If the patient needs tumor resection or removing a portion of the brain responsible for initiating epileptic seizures, the preservation of functions during operation is an essential goal of neurosurgery and fMRI allows planning surgical approach that will spare as much of these areas as possible. The combined registration of high resolution anatomic and physiological data from multiple complementary sources such like electroencephalogram (EEG) and fMRI, which provide insights into the networks underlying seizure generation will be used to investigate many pathological processes and plan more neurosurgical procedures in the future.

фМРТ, BOLD-контрастные изображения, функционально-значимые зоны, нейрохирургия, нейронавигация, fMRI, BOLD contrast, Brain mapping, eloquent areas, neurosurgery

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