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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1683-3295-2020-22-4-14-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-956</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мониторинг внутричерепного давления у пострадавших с тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Intracranial pressure monitoring in patients with severe head injury</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-8164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талыпов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Talypov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Эрнестович Талыпов</p><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.talypov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-8329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринь</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3; 127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090; Bld. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриков</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3; 127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090; Bld. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-8926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3; 127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090; Bld. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8263-1433</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-3970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кордонский</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kordonsky</surname><given-names>А. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-2682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабанов</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabanov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2418-680X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бармина</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barmina</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-4803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муллагулов</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mullagulov</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы; ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А. И. Евдокимова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А. И. Евдокимова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Талыпов А.Э., Гринь А.А., Петриков С.С., Крылов В.В., Солодов А.А., Кордонский А.Ю., Шабанов А.К., Бармина Т.Г., Муллагулов Т.Р., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Талыпов А.Э., Гринь А.А., Петриков С.С., Крылов В.В., Солодов А.А., Кордонский А.Ю., Шабанов А.К., Бармина Т.Г., Муллагулов Т.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Talypov A.E., Grin A.A., Petrikov S.S., Krylov V.V., Solodov A.A., Kordonsky А.Y., Shabanov A.K., Barmina T.G., Mullagulov T.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/956">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/956</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — оценка эффективности мониторинга внутричерепного давления (ВЧД) у пострадавших с тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмой в многопрофильном стационаре.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное исследование включены 2343 пациента, проходивших хирургическое лечение в Научно-исследовательском институте скорой помощи им. Н. В. Склифосовского период с 2012 по 2018 г. Исключены пострадавшие, находившиеся на момент поступления в атонической коме, умершие в течение 48 ч после госпитализации, пациенты с объемом внутричерепной гематомы &gt;200 см3, а также старше 65 лет. Дополнительно выполнен анализ результатов консервативной терапии у 69 пострадавших с тяжелыми ушибами головного мозга. Мониторинг ВЧД проведен у 249 пациентов (22,5 % всех оперированных с показаниями к мониторингу). В модель бинарной логистической регрессии включены следующиеп еременные: возраст, пол, тип внутричерепного повреждения, степень угнетения сознания при поступлении. Для анализа исходов лечения рассчитывали отношение шансов (ОШ) c 95 % доверительным интервалом (ДИ) при p &lt;0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Послеоперационная летальность среди пациентов, у которых мониторинг ВЧД не проводили, составила 64,6 %, среди пациентов, у которых его проводили, — 51,2 %. Вероятность летального исхода в группе пострадавших, у которых не проводили мониторинг ВЧД, была несколько выше, чем в группе пациентов, у которых мониторинг проводили (ОШ 1,74; 95 % ДИ 1,31—2,34). Не выявлено статистически значимых различий в исходах лечения в группах пациентов, у которых выполняли и у которых не выполняли мониторинг ВЧД, при снижении уровня сознания до 4—6 баллов по шкале комы Глазго (ОШ 1,01; 95 % ДИ 0,43—2,37). Среди пострадавших со снижением уровня сознания до 7—8 баллов исходы были статистически значимо лучше у пациентов, у которых проводили мониторинг ВЧД (ОШ 1,65; 95 % ДИ 1,23—2,20). У пациентов с острыми эпидуральными гематомами статистически значимо различался срок до наступления летального исхода: при снижении уровня сознания до 7—8 баллов в группе без мониторинга он составил 15 дней, с мониторингом — 52 дня, при снижении уровня сознания до 4—6 баллов — соответственно 7 и 39 дней. Среди пострадавших с множественными гематомами, оперированных в состоянии умеренной комы, исходы хирургического лечения были несколько лучше при проведении мониторинга ВЧД (ОШ 1,82; 95 % ДИ 1,09—3,41). Статистически значимо различался срок до наступления летального исхода: в группе без мониторинга он составил 16 дней, в группе мониторинга — 29 дней. В группе пострадавших с мелкоочаговыми ушибами мозга вероятность наступления летального исхода в группе с мониторингом была на 40 % ниже, чем в группе без мониторинга (ОШ 1,43; 95 % ДИ 1,01—3,12). По нашим данным, инвазивный мониторинг ВЧД является независимым предиктором развития инфекционных осложненийв послеоперационном периоде (ОШ 1,39; 95 % ДИ 1,17—3,19). В 1-е сутки после внутричерепного кровоизлияния гиперосмолярные растворы использовали у 35 % больных, у которых проводили мониторинг ВЧД, и у 19 % пациентов, у которых ВЧД не измеряли (p &lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведение мониторинга ВЧД не снижает послеоперационную летальность и не улучшает исход у пострадавших с эпидуральными и субдуральными гематомами. У этих пациентов при наличии контроля ВЧД статистически значимо увеличивается срок до наступления летального исхода. Мониторинг ВЧД статистически значимо снижает послеоперационную летальность у пострадавших с травматическими внутримозговыми гематомами и ушибами головного мозга. Проведение мониторинга ВЧД эффективно при нарушениях сознания не глубже умеренной комы. Контроль ВЧД позволяет точно диагностировать внутричерепную гипертензию и проводить целенаправленную ее терапию. При отсутствии мониторинга ВЧД гиперосмолярные растворы применяют эмпирически либо при нарастании отрицательной неврологической симптоматики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in patients with severe head injury in a multispecialty hospital.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective study included 2343 patients who underwent surgical treatment at the N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine between 2012 and 2018. Patients admitted in atonic coma, who died in the space of 48 hours after hospitalization, with intracranial hematoma volume &gt;200 cm3, and older than 65 years were excluded. Additionally, results of conservative therapy in 69 patients with severe cerebral contusion were included. ICP monitoring was performed in 249 patients (22.5 % of all patients who underwent surgery with indications for monitoring and no counterindications). A binary logistic regression model included age, sex, type of intracranial injury, depression of consciousness severity at admittance as variables. For treatment outcomes, odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval and p &lt;0.05 were calculated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Postoperative mortality among patients without ICP monitoring was 64.6 %, among patients with ICP monitoring — 51.2 %. Probability of death in the patient group without ICP was somewhat higher than among patients who underwent ICP (odds ratio (OR) 1.74; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.31—2.34). No significant differences were observed in outcomes between patients with or without ICP monitoring for level of consciousness of 4—6 points per the Glasgow Coma Scale (OR 1.01; 95 % CI 0.43—2.37). Among patients with 7—8 points per the Glasgow Coma Scale, outcomes were significantly better among patients who underwent ICP monitoring (OR 1.65; 95 % CI 1.23—2.20). In patients with acute epidural hematomas (AEH), time to death was significantly different: in patients with 7—8points per the Glasgow Scale it was 15 days, with ICP monitoring 52 days; for patients with 4—6points it was 7 and 39 days, respectively. Among patients with multiple hematomas who underwent surgery in moderate coma, outcomes of surgical treatment were a little better with ICP monitoring (OR 1.82; 95 % CI 1.09—3.41). Time to death was significantly different: in patients without ICP monitoring it was 16 days, in patients with ICP monitoring it was 29 days. In patients with microfocal cerebral contusions, probability of death with ICP monitoring was 40 % lower than among patients without ICP monitoring (OR 1.43; 95 % CI 1.01—3.12). Per our data, invasive ICP monitoring is an independent predictor of infectious complications in the postoperative period (OR 1.39; 95 % CI 1.17—3.19). On day 1 after intracranial hemorrhage, hyperosmotic solutions were used in 35 % of patients who underwent ICP monitoring, and in 19 % of patients without ICP measurement (p &lt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. ICP monitoring does not decrease postoperative mortality and does not improve outcomes in patients with epidural and subdural hematomas. In these patients, ICP control significantly increases time to death. ICP monitoring significantly decreases postoperative mortality in patients with intracranial hematomas and cerebral contusions. ICP monitoring is effective in patients with consciousness levels of moderate coma and above. ICP control allows to accurately diagnose intracranial hypertension and perform targeted therapy. In the absence of ICP monitoring, hyperosmotic solutions are used empirically or for increased negative neurological symptoms.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мониторинг внутричерепного давления</kwd><kwd>черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>внутричерепная гематома</kwd><kwd>ушиб головного мозга</kwd><kwd>исходы</kwd><kwd>летальность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intracranial pressure monitoring</kwd><kwd>brain injury</kwd><kwd>intracranial hematoma</kwd><kwd>cerebral contusion</kwd><kwd>outcomes</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murray C.J., Lopez A.D. Global health statistics. Geneva: WHO, 1996.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murray C.J., Lopez A.D. Global health statistics. 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