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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1683-3295-2019-21-4-12-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-785</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микрохирургическое лечение дистальных аневризм задней нижней мозжечковой артерии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microsurgical treatment of distal aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5847-9435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дашьян</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dashyan</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>В.Г. Дашьян: разработка дизайна исследования, получение данных для анализа, анализ полученных данных, научное редактирование статьи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>developing the research design, obtaining data for analysis, analysis of the obtained data, scientific editing of the article</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5743-8279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сенько</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Senko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Владимирович Сенько </p><p>И.В. Сенько: получение данных для анализа, анализ полученных данных, обзор публикаций по теме статьи, написание текста статьи</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>obtaining data for analysis, analysis of the obtained data, reviewing of publications of the article’s theme, article writing</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">senko.ilya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; &#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department; &#13;
A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; &#13;
ФГБУ «Федеральный центр цереброваскулярной патологии и инсульта» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department; &#13;
Federal Center for Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дашьян В.Г., Сенько И.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дашьян В.Г., Сенько И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dashyan V.G., Senko I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/785">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/785</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – изучение особенностей дистальных аневризм задней нижней мозжечковой артерии (ЗНМА) по результатам хирургического лечения 11 пациентов с данной патологией.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. С 01.01.2000 по 31.12.2018 в Научно-исследовательском институте скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского были оперированы 11 пациентов с дистальными аневризмами ЗНМА (7 мужчин, 4 женщины 32–57 лет (средний возраст – 44 года)). Для визуализации аневризм у 2 пациентов выполнена церебральная ангиография, у 9 – компьютерная ангиография. Аневризмы ЗНМА классифицировали по локализации согласно классификации J.R. Lister и A.L. Rhoton. Чаще встречались аневризмы тонзилломедуллярного сегмента. Мешотчатое строение имели 7 (64 %) аневризм, фузиформное – 4 (36 %). Широкая шейка выявлена у 2 мешотчатых аневризм. Размер аневризм варьировал от 2 до 9 мм. У большинства (70 %) пациентов размер аневризм не превышал 7 мм.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При хирургическом вмешательстве в 5 случаях использовали срединный субокципитальный, в 6 – латеральный субокципитальный доступ. В зависимости от возможности сохранения просвета ЗНМА и наличия повреждения перфорирующих артерий ствола мозга проводили реконструктивное (n = 9) или деконструктивное (n = 2) клипирование аневризмы. Результаты лечения у 9 (82 %) пациентов оценены в 5 баллов по шкале исходов Глазго, в 2 (18 %) случаях зарегистрирован летальный исход (в 1 – у пациента, поступившего в состоянии сопора с окклюзионной гидроцефалией, в 1 – у пациентки с ожирением III–IV степени, развившимися гнойно-септическими осложнениями со стороны дыхательной системы и вторичным гнойным менингитом). У 2 (18 %) пациентов в послеоперационном периоде наблюдались дизартрия и дисфагия, регрессировавшие к моменту выписки.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Дистальные аневризмы ЗНМА – редкая патология, требующая индивидуального подхода к выбору тактики лечения. Учитывая особенности их анатомического строения, в процессе операции следует контролировать проходимость артерии после выключения аневризмы из кровотока, а при необходимости и технической возможности использовать реваскуляризирующие методы. Крайне важно бережное отношение к перфорирующим артериям ствола головного мозга и дистальной группе черепных нервов, так как именно их поражение обусловливает более тяжелое течение послеоперационного периода.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Информированное согласие</title><p>Информированное согласие. Все пациенты подписали информированное согласие на участие в исследовании и публикацию своих данных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study objective is to analyze characteristics of distal aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) using the results of surgical treatment of 11 patients with this disorder.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Eleven patients with distal PICA aneurysms (7 men and 4 women aged between 32 and 57 years (mean age 44 years)) were operated in N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine. Aneurysms were visualized using cerebral angiography in 2 patients and using computed angiography in 9 patients. The aneurysms were classified using the classification system developed by J.R. Lister and A.L. Rhoton. Aneurysms located in the tonsillomedullary segment were most common. Saccular aneurysms were found in 7 (64 %) patients, whereas fusiform aneurysms were observed in 4 (36 %) patients. Two saccular aneurysms had a large neck. The size of aneurysms varied between 2 and 9 mm. The majority of patients (70 %) had aneurysms less than 7 mm.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Five patients were operated via median suboccipital approach, while the remaining 6 patients were operated via lateral suboccipital approach. We performed either reconstructive (n = 9) or deconstructive (n = 2) aneurysm clipping depending on the possibility of preserving the PICA lumen and presence of damage to the perforating arteries of the brain stem. Nine patients (82 %) had Glasgow Outcome Score of 5; two patients (18 %) died (one of them was admitted in sopor with occlusive hydrocephalus; another one had grade III–IV obesity and developed purulent septic respiratory complications and secondary purulent meningitis). Two patients (18 %) developed dysarthria and dysphagia in the postoperative period, but these symptoms disappeared by the moment of discharge.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Distal PICA aneurysms are quite rare and require tailored approach to treatment. A surgeon should bear in mind specific anatomical characteristics of aneurysms, control arterial patency when isolating the aneurysm from the bloodstream, and use revascularizing methods whenever possible. In addition to that, a surgeon should be extremely careful during manipulations with perforating arteries of the brain stem and distal cranial nerves, because their damage result in a more difficult postoperative period.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Informed consent</title><p>Informed consent. All patients gave written informed consent to participate in the study and to the publication of their data.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>задняя нижняя мозжечковая артерия</kwd><kwd>дистальные аневризмы</kwd><kwd>реконструктивное клипирование</kwd><kwd>деконструктивное клипирование</kwd><kwd>реваскуляризирующие методы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>posterior inferior cerebellar artery</kwd><kwd>distal aneurysms</kwd><kwd>reconstructive clipping</kwd><kwd>deconstructive clipping</kwd><kwd>revascularizing methods</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without external funding.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крылов В.В. 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