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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1683-3295-2019-21-3-52-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-746</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анатомическое исследование возможностей эндоскопической трансназальной и эндоскопической трансорбитальной медиальной орбитотомии и декомпрессии зрительного нерва</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anatomical study of the possibilities of endoscopic transnasal and endoscopic transorbital medial orbitotomy and decompression of the optic nerve</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4161-0940</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каландари</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalandari</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алик Амиранович Каландари</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalandarialik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-9398</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левченко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levchenko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-415X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Закондырин</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakondyrin</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3202-570X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутровская</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutrovskaya</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каландари А.А., Левченко О.В., Закондырин Д.Е., Кутровская Н.Ю., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каландари А.А., Левченко О.В., Закондырин Д.Е., Кутровская Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalandari A.A., Levchenko O.V., Zakondyrin D.E., Kutrovskaya N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/746">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/746</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – сравнение анатомических характеристик трансназального и трансорбитального эндоскопических доступов при выполнении медиальной орбитотомии и декомпрессии зрительного нерва.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В основу исследования легли результаты отработки анатомических доступов на фиксированных раствором формалина головах трупов людей. Сравнение проводилось по следующим анатомо-хирургическим параметрам: 1) площадь зоны интереса (мм2 ); 2) площадь орбитотомии (мм2 ); 3) площадь декомпрессии канала зрительного нерва (мм2 ); 4) длина разреза периорбиты (мм); 5) глубина операционной раны (мм); 6) угол атаки в горизонтальной плоскости (градусы); 7) угол атаки в вертикальной плоскости (градусы). Измерения проводили с использованием отечественной навигационной системы «Нейроплан».</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что площадь орбитотомии заметно больше, а глубина операционной раны меньше при трансорбитальном доступе. Заметных различий в площади декомпрессии канала зрительного нерва между трансназальным и трансорбитальным эндоскопическими доступами не выявлено. Кроме того, имеется тенденция к увеличению углов атаки в горизонтальной и вертикальной плоскостях при трансорбитальном доступе, что, вероятно, обусловлено меньшей глубиной операционной раны и возможностью латеральной тракции глазного яблока. Длина разреза периорбиты при трансназальном и трансорбитальном доступах существенно не различалась.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Трансназальный и трансорбитальный эндоскопические доступы обеспечивают равные возможности для выполнения медиальной орбитотомии и декомпрессии зрительного нерва у пациентов с эндокринной офтальмопатией. Некоторые преимущества, в частности бóльшая площадь орбитотомии и сохранность околоносовых структур, позволяют нам предпочесть трансорбитальный эндоскопический доступ к медиальной стенке глазницы и каналу зрительного нерва. Необходимо дальнейшее накопление клинических данных для вынесения окончательного заключения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study objective is to examine the anatomical characteristics of transnasal endoscopic and transorbital endoscopic approaches to perform medial orbitotomy and decompression of the optic nerve.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was based on the results of anatomical approaches on cadavers. The comparison was carried out according to the following anatomical-surgical parameters: 1) the area of interest in mm2 ; 2) the area of orbitotomy in mm2 ; 3) the area of the optic nerve decompression in mm2 ; 4) the length of periorbital incision in mm; 5) the depth of the wound in mm; 6) the horizontal angle of attack in degrees; 7) the vertical angle of attack in degrees. The measurements were carried out using the Russian optical navigation system “Neuroplan”.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It has been established that the area of orbitotomy is noticeably larger, and the depth of the operative wound is smaller with the transorbital approach. It was also revealed that there are no noticeable differences in the area of the optic nerve decompression between the transnasal endoscopic and transorbital endoscopic approaches. In addition, there is a tendency for large angles of attack in both horizontal and vertical planes with transorbital access, which is probably due to the smaller depth of the wound and the possibility of lateral traction of the eyeball. It was determined that as with transnasal, as with transorbital approaches, the length of the periorbital incision did not differ significantly.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study demonstrates the equivalent possibilities of both transnasal and transorbital endoscopic approaches in the implementation of the medial orbitotomy and decompression of the optic nerve in patients with endocrine ophthalmopathy. Some advantages, in particular, a large area of orbitotomy, as well as the preservation of the paranasal structures, make it possible to speak out in favor of choosing transorbital endoscopic approaches to the medial wall of the orbit and the optic nerve when performing surgical decompression in this group of patients. Further collection of clinical material is needed for final results.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндокринная офтальмопатия</kwd><kwd>«сбалансированная» декомпрессия глазницы</kwd><kwd>нейронавигация</kwd><kwd>трансорбитальная эндоскопия</kwd><kwd>трансназальная эндоскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endocrine ophthalmopathy</kwd><kwd>“balanced” orbital decompression</kwd><kwd>neuronavigation</kwd><kwd>transorbital endoscopy</kwd><kwd>transnasal endoscopy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li H.X., Xiang N., Hu W.K., Jiao X.L. Relation between therapy options for Graves’ disease and the course of Graves’ ophthalmopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest 2016;39(11):1225–33. DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0484-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li H.X., Xiang N., Hu W.K., Jiao X.L. 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