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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-68</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хирургические методы лечения внутричерепной гипертензии при тяжелой черепно-мозговой травме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The surgical methods for treatment of intracranial hypertension at patients with severe head injury</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пурас</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Puras</surname><given-names>Ju. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">yuliapuras@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пурас Ю.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пурас Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Puras J.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/68">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/68</self-uri><abstract><p>Стойкое повышение внутричерепного давления (ВЧД) при тяжелой черепно-мозговой травме (ЧМТ) приводит к ухудшению перфузии головного мозга и его ишемии, что сопровождается выраженным снижением церебральной оксигенации и метаболизма, развитием отека мозга и дислокационного синдрома. Персистирующая внутричерепная гипертензия значительно усугубляет тяжесть состояния пострадавших с тяжелой ЧМТ и в несколько раз увеличивает риск развития неблагоприятного исхода. В связи с этим предупреждение, выявление и своевременная коррекция внутричерепной гипертензии являются одними из важнейших задач лечения пострадавших с тяжелой ЧМТ. В настоящее время к хирургическим способам лечения внутричерепной гипертензии относят контролируемый сброс цереброспинальной жидкости (ЦСЖ) из желудочков мозга и декомпрессивную трепанацию черепа. В статье приводится обзор литературы, посвященный современному состоянию проблемы хирургического лечения внутричерепной гипертензии у пострадавших с тяжелой ЧМТ. Представлены преимущества и недостатки контролируемого сброса ЦСЖ из желудочков головного мозга, возможные осложнения при применении этого метода. Подробно описано влияние декомпрессивной трепанации на ВЧД, церебральное перфузионное давление (ЦПД), церебральную оксигенацию, метаболизм головного мозга и исходы у пострадавших с тяжелой ЧМТ, роль ДТЧ на сегодняшний день в лечении внутричерепной гипертензии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The persistent increase of intracranial pressure (ICP) because of severe head injury (HI) leads to impairment of cerebra perfusion and brain ischemia accompanied by severe decrease of cerebral oxygenation and metabolism as well as brain edema and dislocation syndrome. The persistent intracranial hypertension significantly worsens the severity of patients’ condition suffered from severe HI and increase in several times the risk for unfavorable outcome. Therefore the prevention, detection and well-timed correction of intracranial hypertension are the ones of the most important aims in treatment of patients with severe HI. Nowadays the surgical methods for treatment of intracranial hypertension include the controlled shunting of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from cerebral ventricles and decompressive trepanation. This article presents the literature review dedicated to the current state of problem of surgical treatment for intracranial hypertension at patients suffered from severe HI. The advantages and disadvantages of controlled shunting of CSF from cerebral ventricles as well as the possible complications of this method are described. The current role of decompressive trepanation (DCT) in the treatment of intracranial hypertension, the influence of DCT on ICP, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) as well as on cerebral oxygenation, cerebral metabolism and outcomes at patients with severe HI are presented in details.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тяжелая черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>внутричерепная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>сброс цереброспинальной жидкости из желудочков мозга</kwd><kwd>декомпрессивная трепанация черепа</kwd><kwd>severe head injury</kwd><kwd>intracranial hypertension</kwd><kwd>shunting of cerebrospinal fluid from cerebral ventricles</kwd><kwd>decompressive trepanation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гусейнова Х.Т. 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