<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1683-3295-2018-20-3-39-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-601</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности нейрохирургической помощи больным туберкулезом центральной нервной системы в регионе с высоким распространением ВИЧ-инфекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possible neurosurgical care to patients with central nervous system tuberculosis in a region with high prevalence of HIV infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5132-5417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Иннокентьевич Петров</p><p>664079 Иркутск, мкрн Юбилейный, 100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">neuropet.sp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5940-4283</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новицкая</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novitskaya</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Иркутская областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОГБУЗ «Иркутская областная клиническая туберкулезная больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петров С.И., Новицкая О.Н., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петров С.И., Новицкая О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrov S.I., Novitskaya O.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/601">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/601</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – уточнить показания к проведению различных нейрохирургических вмешательств у пациентов с туберкулезом центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) в сочетании с ВИЧ-инфекцией и определить дополнительные условия для их выполнения.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучены микробиологические, рентгенологические и гистологические данные 682 пациентов, 331 умершего и 12 прооперированных больных туберкулезом ЦНС в сочетании с ВИЧ-инфекцией. Проведены 15 операций: вентрикулоперитонеальное шунтирование – в 3 случаях, стереотаксическая биопсия – в 7, удаление воспалительных очагов с капсулой – в 5. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показания к операции – только у 3 из 24 больных с гидроцефалией, у всех получен положительный результат. Вероятность обнаружения возбудителя энцефалита при биопсии составила 71,4 %. Все проведенные радикальные операции по удалению локальных образований ЦНС в совокупности с адекватной химиотерапией привели к выздоровлению пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При дисрезорбтивной гидроцефалии у пациентов с сочетанной патологией условиями для вентрикулоперитонеального шунтирования являются отсутствие уменьшения выраженности гидроцефалии в ходе консервативного лечения, снижение плеоцитоза под действием химиотерапии и положительный результат tap-теста. Биопсия головного мозга при ВИЧ-инфекции показана с целью уточнения диагноза и определения спектра лекарственной чувствительности возбудителя для коррекции химиотерапии. Условиями для радикального удаления туберкулезных образований головного мозга при ВИЧ-инфекции являются: отсутствие тенденции к уменьшению размеров образований под действием химиотерапии, назначенной с учетом спектра лекарственной чувствительности возбудителя, длительностью не менее 2 мес, исчезновение зоны перифокального отека вокруг очага в головном мозге.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study objective is to indicate conditions of various operative neurosurgical interventions in patients with tuberculosis / HIV co-infection. </p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Studied microbiological, radiological and histological characteristics in 682 patients treated, 331 deaths and 12 operated patients with central nervous system tuberculosis combined with HIV infection. Produced 15 operations: ventriculoperitoneal shunting on 3 patients, stereotactic biopsy on 7 patients, removal of inflammatory foci with a capsule on 5 patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The indications for surgery in only 3 of 24 patients with hydrocephalus have all been a positive effect. The probability of detecting the pathogen of encephalitis biopsy is 71.4 %. All the radical operation for removal of the local formations of the сentral nervous system in conjunction with appropriate chemotherapy led to the recovery of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. When distributive of hydrocephalus in patients with combined pathology of conditions for the ventriculoperitoneal shunting are no reduction of hydrocephalus in the course of conservative treatment, the reduction of pleocytosis of cerebrospinal fluid under the effect of chemotherapy and positive result of the tap test. A biopsy of the brain in HIV infection are shown in order to clarify diagnosis and determine the range of drug susceptibility for the correction of chemotherapy. Conditions for radical removal of tuberculous formations of the brain in HIV infection are: the absence of a tendency to reduce the size of the formations under the influence of chemotherapy, prescribed within the spectrum of drug susceptibility of at least 2 months; the disappearance of the zone of perifocal edema around the lesion in the brain.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>центральная нервная система</kwd><kwd>лекарственная чувствительность</kwd><kwd>биопсия</kwd><kwd>туберкулезный абсцесс головного мозга</kwd><kwd>вентрикулоперитонеальное шунтирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>central nervous system</kwd><kwd>drug sensitivity</kwd><kwd>biopsy</kwd><kwd>tuberculous abscess of the brain</kwd><kwd>ventriculoperitoneal shunting</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мирсадыков Д.А., Абдумажитова М.М., Якуббеков Т.Ю. и др. Коррекция гидроцефалии, обусловленной туберкулезом. Российский нейрохирургический журнал им. А.Л. Поленова 2012;4(4):56–61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mirsadykov D.A., Abdumazhitova M.M., Yakubbekov T.Yu. et al. Treatment of hydrocephalus caused by tuberculosis. Rossiyskiy neyrokhirurgicheskiy zhurnal im. A.L. Polenova =Russian Neurosurgical Journal n. a. A.L. Polenov 2012;4(4):56–61. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agrawal D., Gupta A., Mehta V.S. Role of shunt surgery in pediatric tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus. Indian Pediatr 2005;42(3):245–50. PMID: 15817972.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agrawal D., Gupta A., Mehta V.S. Role of shunt surgery in pediatric tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus. Indian Pediatr 2005;42(3):245–50. PMID: 15817972.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arimoto A., Yoshioka H., Kinara M. et al. Tuberculous meningitis with hydrocephalus contribution of PCR assay of CSF before VP shunting. Childs Nerv Syst 1998;14(9):623–6. PMID: 9840362.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arimoto A., Yoshioka H., Kinara M. et al. Tuberculous meningitis with hydrocephalus contribution of PCR assay of CSF before VP shunting. Childs Nerv Syst 1998;14(9):623–6. PMID: 9840362.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aslam M., Khan A.A., Udin M. et al. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus secondary to tuberculous meningitis: effects of response to variables on short term outcome. Pak J Surg 2010;26(4):284–90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aslam M., Khan A.A., Udin M. et al. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus secondary to tuberculous meningitis: effects of response to variables on short term outcome. Pak J Surg 2010;26(4):284–90.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan K.H., Cheung R.T., Fong C.Y. et al. Clinical releavance of hydrocephalus as a presenting feature of tuberculoses meningitis. QJM 2003;96(9):643–8. PMID: 12925719.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan K.H., Cheung R.T., Fong C.Y. et al. Clinical releavance of hydrocephalus as a presenting feature of tuberculoses meningitis. QJM 2003;96(9):643–8. PMID: 12925719.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kankane V.K., Gupta T.K., Jaiswal G. Outcome of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery, without prior placement of external ventricular drain in Grades III and IV patients of tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus: A single institution’s experience in the pediatric population and review of literature. J Pediatr Neurosci 2016;11(1):35–41. DOI: 10.4103/1817-1745.181265. PMID: 27195031.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kankane V.K., Gupta T.K., Jaiswal G. Outcome of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery, without prior placement of external ventricular drain in Grades III and IV patients of tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus: A single institution’s experience in the pediatric population and review of literature. J Pediatr Neurosci 2016;11(1):35–41. DOI: 10.4103/1817-1745.181265. PMID: 27195031.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peng J., Deng X., He F. et al. Role of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery in grade IV tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus. Childs Nerv Syst 2012;28(2):209–15. DOI: 10.1007/s00381-011-1572-0. PMID: 21909965.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peng J., Deng X., He F. et al. Role of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery in grade IV tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus. Childs Nerv Syst 2012;28(2):209–15. DOI: 10.1007/s00381-011-1572-0. PMID: 21909965.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rajshekhar V. Surgery for brain tuberculosis: a review. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2015;157(10):1665–78. DOI: 10.1007/s00701-015-2501-x. PMID: 26170188.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rajshekhar V. Surgery for brain tuberculosis: a review. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2015;157(10):1665–78. DOI: 10.1007/s00701-015-2501-x. PMID: 26170188.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savardekar A., Chatterji D., Singhi S. et al. The role of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement in patients of tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus in poor neurological grade: a prospective study in the pediatric population and review of literature. Childs Nerv Syst 2013;29(5):719–25. DOI: 10.1007/s00381-013-2048-1. PMID: 23404292.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savardekar A., Chatterji D., Singhi S. et al. The role of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement in patients of tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus in poor neurological grade: a prospective study in the pediatric population and review of literature. Childs Nerv Syst 2013;29(5):719–25. DOI: 10.1007/s00381-013-2048-1. PMID: 23404292.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Srikantha U., Morab J.V., Sastry S. et al. Outcome of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement in Grade IV tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus: a retrospective analysis in 95 patients. Clinical article. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2009;4(2):176–83. DOI: 10.3171/2009.3.PEDS08308. PMID: 19645554.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Srikantha U., Morab J.V., Sastry S. et al. Outcome of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement in Grade IV tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus: a retrospective analysis in 95 patients. Clinical article. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2009;4(2):176–83. DOI: 10.3171/2009.3.PEDS08308. PMID: 19645554.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bishburg E., Sunderam G., Reichman L.B., Kapila R. Central nervous system tuberculosis with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and its related complex. Ann Intern Med 1986;105(2): 210–3. PMID: 3729203.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bishburg E., Sunderam G., Reichman L.B., Kapila R. Central nervous system tuberculosis with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and its related complex. Ann Intern Med 1986;105(2): 210–3. PMID: 3729203.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jung E.K., Chang J.Y., Lee Y.P. et al. A case of disseminated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis involving the brain. Infect Chemother 2016;48(1):41–6. DOI: 10.3947/ic.2016.48.1.41. PMID: 27104015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jung E.K., Chang J.Y., Lee Y.P. et al. A case of disseminated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis involving the brain. Infect Chemother 2016;48(1):41–6. DOI: 10.3947/ic.2016.48.1.41. PMID: 27104015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lesprit P., Zagdanski A.M., de La Blanchardière A. et al. Cerebral tuberculosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Report of 6 cases and review. Medicine (Baltimore) 1997;76(6):423–31. PMID: 9413428.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lesprit P., Zagdanski A.M., de La Blanchardière A. et al. Cerebral tuberculosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Report of 6 cases and review. Medicine (Baltimore) 1997;76(6):423–31. PMID: 9413428.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takeshima H., Kawahara T., Kuratsu J. Multiple meningeal tuberculomas recurring after 18-month anti-tuberculous chemotherapy – case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2004;44(3):133–7. PMID: 15095967.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takeshima H., Kawahara T., Kuratsu J. Multiple meningeal tuberculomas recurring after 18-month anti-tuberculous chemotherapy – case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2004;44(3):133–7. PMID: 15095967.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vidal J.E., Hernández A.V., Oliveira A.C. et al. Cerebral tuberculomas in AIDS patients: a forgotten diagnosis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2004;62(3B):793–6. DOI: /S0004-282X2004000500010. PMID: 15476071.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vidal J.E., Hernández A.V., Oliveira A.C. et al. Cerebral tuberculomas in AIDS patients: a forgotten diagnosis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2004;62(3B):793–6. DOI: /S0004-282X2004000500010. PMID: 15476071.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tewary R.K., O’Sullivan M.G., Ali T.A., O’Sullivan P.G. Intracranial tuberculoma – a diagnostic dilemma. J Laryngol Otol 2005;119(6):486–8. DOI: 10.1258/0022215054273061. PMID: 15992480.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tewary R.K., O’Sullivan M.G., Ali T.A., O’Sullivan P.G. Intracranial tuberculoma – a diagnostic dilemma. J Laryngol Otol 2005;119(6):486–8. DOI: 10.1258/0022215054273061. PMID: 15992480.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Улитин А.Ю., Олюшин В.Е., Размологова О.Ю. и др. Туберкулема головного мозга: клинический случай и обзор литературы. Нейрохирургия 2007;(1):40–4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ulitin A.Y., Olyushin V.E., Razmogolova O.Y. et al. Cerebral tuberculoma: a clinical case and review of literature. Neyrokhirurgiya = Russian Journal of Neurosurgery 2007;(1):40–4. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma M., Velho V., Kharosekar H. A rare case of an isolated intraventricular tuberculoma with a dismal outcome: an unusual location of a common pathology and lessons learnt. Indian J Tuberc 2014;61(2):166–70. PMID: 25509942.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma M., Velho V., Kharosekar H. A rare case of an isolated intraventricular tuberculoma with a dismal outcome: an unusual location of a common pathology and lessons learnt. Indian J Tuberc 2014;61(2):166–70. PMID: 25509942.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yadegarynia D., Merza M.A., Sali S., Seghatoleslami Z.S. Multiple intracranial tuberculomas in a post-kidney transplant patient. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2016;27(1):135–8. DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.174163. PMID: 26787580.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yadegarynia D., Merza M.A., Sali S., Seghatoleslami Z.S. Multiple intracranial tuberculomas in a post-kidney transplant patient. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2016;27(1):135–8. DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.174163. PMID: 26787580.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филиппова Т.П., Новицкая О.Н., Быков Ю.Н., Корнилова З.Х. ВИЧ-ассоциированный туберкулез центральной нервной системы в регионе с высоким уровнем распространения туберкулеза и ВИЧ-инфекции. М.: Р. Валент, 2012. 132 с. [Filippova T.P., Novitskaya O.N., Bykov Yu.N., Kornilova Z.Kh. HIVassociated tuberculosis of the central nervous system in a region with high prevalence of tuberculosis and HIV infection. Moscow: R. Valent, 2012. 132 p. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Филиппова Т.П., Новицкая О.Н., Быков Ю.Н., Корнилова З.Х. ВИЧ-ассоциированный туберкулез центральной нервной системы в регионе с высоким уровнем распространения туберкулеза и ВИЧ-инфекции. М.: Р. Валент, 2012. 132 с. [Filippova T.P., Novitskaya O.N., Bykov Yu.N., Kornilova Z.Kh. HIVassociated tuberculosis of the central nervous system in a region with high prevalence of tuberculosis and HIV infection. Moscow: R. Valent, 2012. 132 p. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rajshekhar V. Management of hydrocephalus in patients with tuberculous meningitis. Neurol India 2009;57(4):368–74. DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.55572. PMID: 19770534.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rajshekhar V. Management of hydrocephalus in patients with tuberculous meningitis. Neurol India 2009;57(4):368–74. DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.55572. PMID: 19770534.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nadvi S.S., Nathoo N., Annamalai K. et al. Role of cerebrospinal fluid shunting for human immunodeficiency viruspositive patients with tuberculous meningitis and hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery 2000;47(3):644–9. PMID: 10981752.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nadvi S.S., Nathoo N., Annamalai K. et al. Role of cerebrospinal fluid shunting for human immunodeficiency viruspositive patients with tuberculous meningitis and hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery 2000;47(3):644–9. PMID: 10981752.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma R.M., Pruthi N., Arimappamagan A. et al. Tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus with HIV co-infection: role of cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures. J Neurosurg 2015;122(5):1087–95. DOI: 10.3171/2014.12.JNS14257. PMID: 25679277.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma R.M., Pruthi N., Arimappamagan A. et al. Tubercular meningitis with hydrocephalus with HIV co-infection: role of cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures. J Neurosurg 2015;122(5):1087–95. DOI: 10.3171/2014.12.JNS14257. PMID: 25679277.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
