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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-577</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Травматические повреждения задней черепной ямки у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>В.Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>А.Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лившиц</surname><given-names>М.И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Умеренков</surname><given-names>В.Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Е.В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манжос</surname><given-names>П.И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чигибаев</surname><given-names>М.Ж.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меркулов</surname><given-names>О.А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунов</surname><given-names>А.В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница, Москва</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попов В., Карпов А., Лившиц М., Умеренков В., Андреева Е., Манжос П., Чигибаев М., Меркулов О., Горбунов А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попов В., Карпов А., Лившиц М., Умеренков В., Андреева Е., Манжос П., Чигибаев М., Меркулов О., Горбунов А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Попов В., Карпов А., Лившиц М., Умеренков В., Андреева Е., Манжос П., Чигибаев М., Меркулов О., Горбунов А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/577">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/577</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: Выработать хирургическую тактику лечения детей с травматическими повреждениями ЗЧЯ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: Авторами представлены наблюдения за 22 больными с травматическими повреждениями ЗЧЯ. Частота повреждений ЗЧЯ составила 0,076% от числа всех больных, проходивших лечение с ЧМТ в МДГКБ. У 16 пациентов диагностировано кровоизлияние в ЗЧЯ: из них у 12 детей – эпидуральная гематома, у 1 – субдуральная и внутримозговая гематомы, у 3 – внутримозговая гематома. Удаление гематомы проведено 9 пациентам, 2 детям имплантирован НВД. Из 6 пациентов с вдавленными переломами затылочной кости, у 5 была выполнена репозиция костных фрагментов. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Показаниями к операциям при гематомах ЗЧЯ и ушибах мозжечка являлся объем гематомы выше 18 см3, повреждения мозжечка объемом более 17 см3, сужение цистерн и наличие общемозговой и очаговой неврологической симптоматики. Выжидательная тактика у детей с травмой структур ЗЧЯ возможна при объеме эпидуральной гематомы 9–18 см3, объеме повреждений мозжечка 13–17 см3, отсутствии признаков окклюзионной гидроцефалии, стволовой неврологической симптоматики. Консервативное лечение у детей с травмой структур ЗЧЯ проводилось при объеме эпидуральной гематомы менее 9 см3, объеме повреждений мозжечка до 13 см3. Выздоровление было достигнуто у 20 больных, у одного пациента – умеренная инвалидизация. Летальный исход отмечен в одном случае. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: Комплексная оценка данных нейровизуализации, неврологического статуса детей с травматическими повреждениями ЗЧЯ позволяет точно определить показания к хирургическому лечению. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"/><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гематома задней черепной ямки</kwd><kwd>гидроцефалия</kwd><kwd>перелом затылочной кости</kwd><kwd>дети.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hematoma of posterior cranial fossa</kwd><kwd>hydrocephaly</kwd><kwd>fracture of occipital bone</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Артарян А.А. Черепно-мозговая травма у детей / Нейротравматология. Под редакцией Коновалова А.Н., Лихтермана Л.Б., Потапова А.А. – М., 1994 – С. 209–214.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Артарян А.А. 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