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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.63769/1683-3295-2017-0-2-78-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-407</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лечение больных с изолированными и сочетанными повреждениями первого шейного позвонка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical treatment of patients with single and combined injuries of atlas</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>Андрей Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">aantonov02@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Некрасов</surname><given-names>Михаил Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nekrasov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">manekrasov@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринь</surname><given-names>Андрей Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grin’</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Львов</surname><given-names>Иван Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>L’Vov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">Speleolog@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Сахалинская областная клиническая больница</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Городская клиническая больница № 1 им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского; Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-4"><institution>НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антонов А.В., Некрасов М.А., Гринь А.А., Львов И.С., Крылов В.В., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антонов А.В., Некрасов М.А., Гринь А.А., Львов И.С., Крылов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antonov A.V., Nekrasov M.A., Grin’ A.A., L’Vov I.S., Krylov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/407">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/407</self-uri><abstract><p>Результаты: Повреждения атланта составляют до 25% краниовертебральных повреждений, и от 1,3 до 2% всех повреждений позвоночника. Наиболее часто причиной повреждений атланта является автодорожная травма, сочетающаяся с аксиальной нагрузкой на краниовертебральный отдел. В значительном количестве случаев переломы атланта наблюдают в комбинации с переломами других шейных позвонков, наиболее часто с переломами аксиса (до 40-44%). Стратегия лечения переломов атланта основана, в первую очередь, на изолированном или сочетанном характере повреждений, а также на целостности поперечной связки атланта. При сочетанных переломах подход к лечению определяет тип перелома аксиса или субаксиальных позвонков, применяют гало-фиксацию, спондилодез С1-С2, трансодонтоидную фиксацию. Основным способом лечения изолированных переломов атланта является гало-фиксация в течение 8-12 нед, хирургическую стабилизацию рекомендуют при выявлении поздней нестабильности. В обзоре представлена эволюция методов атлантоаксиального спондилодеза, как основного способа хирургического лечения данных повреждений. Заключение. Внешняя иммобилизация гало-аппаратом является эффективным методом лечения переломов атланта. Вопрос о необходимости и возможных преимуществах хирургической стабилизации переломов атланта по сравнению с лечением внешней иммобилизацией требует дальнейшего изучения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To describe the clinical pathobiomechanics, existing classifications, diagnostics, and treatment conceptions of atlas injuries. Material and methods. Literature review. Results. Atlas injuries make up to 25% of craniocervical injuries, and from 1,3% to 2% of all spinal injuries. Their most frequent cause is motor vehicle accidents going with axial loading. In majority of cases the atlas fractures are combined with the fractures of other cervical vertebras, mostly with the axis fractures. The treatment approaches are based on the isolated or combined type of atlas injuries and also on transverse ligament integrity. The treatment options in combined atlas injuries depend on the type of axis fracture, and include halo fixation, atlantoaxial or transodontoid surgical stabilization. The main way for treatment of the isolated atlas fractures is halo-fixation. Surgical stabilization is recommended in cases of late instability. The evolution of methods of atlantoaxial stabilization as the main way of the surgical treatment of this type of injuries is also represented. Conclusion. The halo-fixation is effective way to treat atlas fractures. The necessity and probable advantages of surgical stabilization of atlas fractures requires further study for refinement.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перелом атланта</kwd><kwd>перелом позвонка С1</kwd><kwd>перелом Джефферсона</kwd><kwd>атланто-аксиальная стабилизация</kwd><kwd>atlas fracture</kwd><kwd>C1 fracture</kwd><kwd>Jefferson fracture</kwd><kwd>atlantoaxial stabilization</kwd><kwd>literature review</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гринь А.А., Горохова Е.Н. Повреждение позвоночной артерии при травме шейного отдела позвоночника. Нейрохирургия 2002; 3: 65-71</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гринь А.А., Горохова Е.Н. Повреждение позвоночной артерии при травме шейного отдела позвоночника. 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