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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.63769/1683-3295-2026-28-2-14-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-1841</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хирургическое лечение пострадавших с сочетанной черепно-мозговой и позвоночно-спинномозговой травмой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical management of patients with combined traumatic brain and spinal cord injury</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4171-2795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чечухин</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chechukhin</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>414038 Астрахань, ул. Хибинская, 2 </p><p>414000 Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, 121 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Khibinskaya St., Astrakhan 414038 </p><p>121 Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan 414000 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chechukhin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-8329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринь</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117513 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117513 </p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-8164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талыпов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Talypov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117513 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1 </p><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117513 </p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кордонский</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kordonskiy</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0458-0703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белопасов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belopasov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>414038 Астрахань, ул. Хибинская, 2 </p><p>414000 Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, 121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Khibinskaya St., Astrakhan 414038 </p><p>121 Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan 414000 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ АО «Городская клиническая больница № 3 им. С.М. Кирова»; кафедра неврологии и нейрохирургии с курсом последипломного образования ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital № 3 named after S.M. Kirov; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery with a Postgraduate Education Course, Astrakhan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра фундаментальной нейрохирургии ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Fundamental Neurosurgery, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чечухин Е.В., Гринь А.А., Талыпов А.Э., Кордонский А.Ю., Белопасов В.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чечухин Е.В., Гринь А.А., Талыпов А.Э., Кордонский А.Ю., Белопасов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chechukhin E.V., Grin A.A., Talypov A.E., Kordonskiy A.Y., Belopasov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1841">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1841</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Сочетанная черепно-мозговая и позвоночно-спинномозговая травма (ЧМТ/ПСМТ) представляет одну из наиболее сложных форм неотложной нейрохирургической патологии. Тяжесть состояния, высокая частота внечерепных повреждений, угнетение сознания и необходимость этапного лечения затрудняют своевременную диагностику и ухудшают результаты хирургического лечения. </p><p>Цель исследования – оценить особенности клинической картины, диагностики и результаты хирургического лечения пострадавших с ЧМТ/ПСМТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ результатов лечения 1772 пострадавших с черепно-мозговой травмой (ЧМТ), позвоночно-спинномозговой травмой (ПСМТ) и их сочетанием (ЧМТ/ПСМТ), госпитализированных и оперированных в 2016–2022 гг. в НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского (Москва), Александро-Мариинской областной клинической больнице и Городской клинической больнице №3 им. С.М. Кирова (Астрахань). Основную группу составили 63 пациента с сочетанной ЧМТ/ПСМТ, группы сравнения – 1519 пациентов с изолированной ЧМТ и 190 пациентов с изолированной ПСМТ. Оценивали механизм травмы, сроки госпитализации и диагностики, тяжесть состояния по ISS (Injury Severity Score, система оценки тяжести повреждений), уровень сознания по шкале комы Глазго, неврологический дефицит по шкале ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association, Американская ассоциация повреждений спинного мозга), сроки и объем хирургических вмешательств, а также исходы лечения. Статистический анализ включал непараметрические методы, критерии χ² и Фишера, корреляционный анализ Спирмена. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Сочетанная ЧМТ/ПСМТ выявлена у 3,6 % пострадавших и характеризовалась наибольшей тяжестью состояния: медиана ISS составила 34,0 [25; 40,5]. Для данной группы были характерны высокоэнергетические механизмы травмы – дорожнотранспортные происшествия (46,0 %) и кататравма (44,4 %); высокая частота множественных сочетанных повреждений (42,9 %), преобладание переломов шейного отдела позвоночника (33,3 %) и многоуровневых повреждений (30,2 %). Угнетение сознания при поступлении отмечено у 69,8 % пациентов, тяжелый неврологический дефицит по шкале ASIA A–B – у 19,0 %. Задержка верификации спинальной травмы более 6 ч наблюдалась у 42,9 % пациентов. Медиана времени от поступления до операции составила 72 [7; 312] ч, что превышало сроки хирургического лечения при изолированной ЧМТ и ПСМТ. Ранняя спинальная операция (≤24 ч) ассоциировалась с большей частотой улучшения по шкале ASIA по сравнению с вмешательствами, выполненными позднее 72 ч (21,4 % против 6,5 %). </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Сочетанная ЧМТ/ПСМТ является самостоятельной клинической формой тяжелой сочетанной травмы, ассоциированной с высокой частотой шейных и многоуровневых повреждений позвоночника, угнетением сознания и диагностическими задержками. Для улучшения результатов лечения необходимы ранняя тотальная оценка позвоночника с помощью компьютерной томографии у пациентов со сниженным уровнем сознания, мультидисциплинарный подход и максимально раннее выполнение спинальной декомпрессии и стабилизации после устранения витальных угроз. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Combined traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury (TBI/SCI) is one of the most challenging cases in emergency neurosurgery. The severity of systemic injury, frequent extracranial lesions, impaired consciousness, and the necessity of stepwise treatment complicate timely diagnosis and worsen surgical outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess clinical features, diagnostic aspects, and surgical treatment outcomes in patients with combined TBI/SCI. </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 1,772 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury (SCI), and their combination (TBI/SCI) who were admitted and surgically treated between 2016 and 2022 at the Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, City Clinical Hospital No. 3 named after S.M. Kirov, and Alexander-Mariinsky Regional Clinical Hospital was performed. The study group included 63 patients with combined TBI/SCI, while the comparison groups were comprised of 1,519 patients with isolated TBI and 190 patients with isolated SCI. The mechanism of injury, time to admission and diagnosis, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Scale score, neurological deficit according to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scale, timing and extent of surgery, and treatment outcomes were evaluated. Statistical analysis included non-parametric tests, χ² and Fisher’s exact tests, and Spearman correlation analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Combined TBI/SCI was diagnosed in 3.6 % of patients and was associated with the highest injury severity, with median ISS of 34.0 [25; 40.5]. High-energy trauma mechanisms predominated, including road traffic accidents (46.0 %) and falls from height (44.4 %). This group was characterized by a high rate of multiple associated injuries (42.9 %), predominance of cervical spine fractures (33.3 %) and multilevel injuries (30.2 %), and impaired consciousness on admission in 69.8 % of cases. Severe spinal cord injury (ASIA A–B) was observed in 19.0 % of patients. Delayed verification of spinal injury for more than 6 hours occurred in 42.9 % of cases. The median time from admission to surgery was 72 [7; 312] hours, exceeding that in isolated TBI and isolated SCI. Early spinal surgery (≤24 h) was associated with a higher rate of neurological improvement on the ASIA scale than delayed surgery performed after 72 hours (21.4 % vs 6.5 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Combined TBI/SCI should be considered a distinct severe trauma type associated with high frequency of cervical and multilevel spinal injuries, impaired consciousness, and diagnostic delays. Improved outcomes require early whole-spine CT assessment in patients with decreased consciousness, multidisciplinary treatment strategy, and the earliest possible spinal decompression and stabilization once life-threatening conditions are under control. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сочетанная травма</kwd><kwd>сочетанная черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>изолированная позвоночно-спинномозговая травма</kwd><kwd>изолированная черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>combined trauma</kwd><kwd>combined traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>isolated spinal trauma</kwd><kwd>isolated traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>surgicatl treatmen</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Macciocchi S., Seel R.T., Thompson N. et al. 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