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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.63769/1683-3295-2026-28-1-33-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-1813</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение методик кортикальной и субкортикальной стимуляции у пациентов с глиальными опухолями различной степени злокачественности доминантного по речи полушария головного мозга в условиях хирургии с пробуждением</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Implementation of cortical and subcortical stimulation techniques in patients with gliomas in the speech-dominant cerebral hemisphere during awake craniotomy procedures</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-2843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андрушкевич</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrushkevich</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>О.М. Андрушкевич</p><p>630087 Новосибирск, ул. Немировича-Данченко, 132/ 1;</p><p>630090 Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>O.M. Andrushkevich</p><p>132 / 1 Nemirovicha-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk 630087;</p><p>1 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrushkevich_oleg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7003-5549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калиновский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinovskiy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>А.В. Калиновский</p><p>630087 Новосибирск, ул. Немировича-Данченко, 132/ 1;</p><p>630090 Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>A.V. Kalinovskiy</p><p>132 / 1 Nemirovicha-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk 630087;</p><p>1 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8732-3114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврюшин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavryushin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>А.В. Гаврюшин</p><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4‑я Тверская-Ямская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>A.V. Gavryushin</p><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5568-8311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миннигулова</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minnigulova</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>А.Ш. Миннигулова</p><p>101000 Москва, Кривоколенный пер., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>A.Sh. Minnigulova</p><p>3 Krivokolenniy Av., Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-8960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рзаев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rzaev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.А. Рзаев</p><p>630087 Новосибирск, ул. Немировича-Данченко, 132/ 1;</p><p>630090 Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.A. Rzaev</p><p>132 / 1 Nemirovicha-Danchenko St., Novosibirsk 630087;</p><p>1 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный центр нейрохирургии» Минздрава России; ФГБУ ВО «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Neurosurgical Center, Ministry of Health of Russia; Novosibirsk National Research State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. акад. Н. Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр языка и мозга ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский университет Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Language and Brain, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Андрушкевич О.М., Калиновский А.В., Гаврюшин А.В., Миннигулова А.Ш., Рзаев Д.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Андрушкевич О.М., Калиновский А.В., Гаврюшин А.В., Миннигулова А.Ш., Рзаев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Andrushkevich O.M., Kalinovskiy A.V., Gavryushin A.V., Minnigulova A.S., Rzaev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1813">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1813</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Применение кортикальной и субкортикальной стимуляции в процессе операции с пробуждением снижает риск появления стойкого дефицита речи после операции. Однако функция отдельных проводящих путей белого вещества до сих пор недостаточно изучена, особенно в отношении значимости лобного косого пучка (FAT) доминантного полушария.</p><p>Цель исследования – анализ опыта применения методов кортикальной и субкортикальной стимуляции при локализации глиальных опу холей в близи речевых центров и трактов (SLF / AF, FAT) в условиях хир ургии с пробуждением.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. 17 пациентов (6 мужчин, 11 женщин) прооперированы с использованием методики интраоперационного пробуждения в ФГБУ «Федеральный центр нейрохирургии» Минздрава России г. Новосибирска в период с 2020 по 2023 г. У всех пациентов до, после операции и в катамнезе осуществлена оценка неврологического, нейролингвистического статусов, а также выполнена МР-трактография. Построение трактов и волюметрия опухолей осуществлены с использованием полуавтоматических методов сегментации на рабочей станции «BrainLab».</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При использовании субкортикальной биполярной стимуляции и постоянной монополярной стимуляции средняя степень резекции (EOR) составила 89 % (межквартильный размах IQR = 26, Q1 = 74, Q3 = 100). Временный речевой дефицит развился у 10 из 17 (59 %) пациентов. У них всех тракты (SLF / AF, FAT, IFOF) либо примыкали к опухоли, либо находились в пределах 4 мм от ее края. Развившиеся речевые нарушения регрессировали в течение первых 3 мес после операции, и только в одном наблюдении сформировался стойкий неврологический дефицит.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение кортикальной и субкортикальной стимуляции (монополярная, биполярная стимуляция) в хирургии глиальных опухолей доминантного полушария головного мозга позволяет добиться высокой радикальности удаления опухоли с минимальным риском развития после операции постоянного дефицита речи. Транзиторные нарушения речи после операции наблюдались у всех пациентов, у которых по данным предоперационной трактографии ассоциативные тракты (SLF / AF, FAT, IFOF) располагались не далее 4 мм от края опухоли.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The application of cortical and subcortical stimulation during awake craniotomy mitigates the risk of persistent postoperative speech deficits. However, the functions of some white matter pathways remain inadequately understood, particularly the frontal aslant tract (FAT) of the dominant hemisphere.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of cortical and subcortical stimulation techniques in the localization of glial tumors near speech centers and pathways (SLF / AF, FAT, IFOF) within the context of awake surgery.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A cohort of 17 patients (6 males, 11 females) underwent surgical intervention using intraoperative awakening technique at the Federal Neurosurgical Center in Novosibirsk between 2020 and 2023. Comprehensive assessments of neurologic and neurolinguistic status were conducted preoperatively, postoperatively, and during follow-up. Additionally, MR-tractography was performed. Tract reconstruction and tumor volumetry were performed using semi-automatic segmentation methods on the BrainLab workstation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Employing subcortical bipolar stimulation and continuous monopolar stimulation, the mean extent of resection (EOR) achieved was 89.3 % (IQR = 26, Q1 = 74, Q3 = 100). Transient speech deficit manifested in 10 out of 17 patients (59 %). In these cases, the white matter tracts (SLF / AF, FAT, IFOF) were either contiguous with the tumor or within a distance of 4 mm from it. Speech impairments resolved within the first three months post-surgery, with only one patient exhibiting persistent neurologic deficit.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The implementation of cortical and subcortical stimulation (monopolar and bipolar) in the surgical resection of glial tumors in the speech dominant hemisphere demonstrates a high degree of radical resection while minimizing the incidence of persistent postoperative speech deficits. Transient postoperative speech disturbances were observed in all patients whose preoperative tractography indicated that associative tracts (SLF / AF, FAT, IFOF) were located within 4 mm from the tumor margin.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субкортикальная стимуляция</kwd><kwd>хирургия в сознании</kwd><kwd>лобный косой пучок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>subcortical stimulation</kwd><kwd>awake craniotomy</kwd><kwd>frontal aslant tract</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность группе нейрофизиологов ФГБУ ФЦН г. Новосибирска – Н.В. Чищиной, Г.Н. Литвинчук, В.И. Ларионовой, Е.А. Лехнову, медицинскому логопеду Г.А. Гуненко. Участие А.Ш. Миннигуловой осуществлено в рамках программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Authors express gratitude to a group of neurophysiologists of the Federal Neurosurgical Center in Novosibirsk: N.V. 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