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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.63769/1683-3295-2025-27-2-12-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-1682</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Феномен длительной выживаемости пациентов с супратенториальными глиобластомами головного мозга: особенности комплексного лечения и нейровизуализационных данных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The phenomenon of long-term survival of patients with supratentorial glioblastomas:   features of complex treatment and neuroimaging data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-3270</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горяйнов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryaynov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Алексеевич Горяйнов</p><p>249036 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4</p><p>214019 Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei Alekseevich Goryaynov </p><p>4 Korolev St., Obninsk 249036</p><p>28 Krupskay St., Smolensk 214019</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sgoraynov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0183-5643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>214019 Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>28 Krupskay St., Smolensk 214019</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9419-3533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрьева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuryeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>214019 Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>28 Krupskay St., Smolensk 214019</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2337-6495</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaev</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-2891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмадуллина</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmadullina</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367 Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80 Volokolamskoye Shosse, Moscow 125367</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8924-7346</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баталов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batalov</surname><given-names>А. 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S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-6365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhova</surname><given-names>M. 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I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9811-9442</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усачев</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usachev</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0588-4779</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быканов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykanov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0516-3613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6650-7566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляшова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyashova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0976-4547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голанов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golanov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0931-1636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Ostrovitianov St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-0275</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пронин</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pronin</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А. Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC) – NMRRC of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Smolensk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии им. акад. Н. Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Center of Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горяйнов С.А., Маслова Н.Н., Юрьева Н.В., Беляев А.Ю., Ахмадуллина Д.Р., Баталов А.И., Соложенцева К.С., Рыжова М.В., Кобяков Г.Л., Абсалямова О.В., Пицхелаури Д.И., Усачев Д.Ю., Быканов А.Е., Захарова Н.Е., Беляшова А.С., Голанов А.В., Гусев Д.В., Пронин И.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горяйнов С.А., Маслова Н.Н., Юрьева Н.В., Беляев А.Ю., Ахмадуллина Д.Р., Баталов А.И., Соложенцева К.С., Рыжова М.В., Кобяков Г.Л., Абсалямова О.В., Пицхелаури Д.И., Усачев Д.Ю., Быканов А.Е., Захарова Н.Е., Беляшова А.С., Голанов А.В., Гусев Д.В., Пронин И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goryaynov S.A., Maslova N.N., Yuryeva N.V., Belyaev A.Y., Akhmadullina D.R., Batalov А.I., Solozhentseva K.S., Ryzhova M.V., Kobyakov G.L., Absalyamova O.V., Pitskhelauri D.I., Usachev D.Y., Bykanov A.E., Zakharova N.E., Belyashova A.S., Golanov D.V., Gusev D.V., Pronin I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1682">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1682</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Глиобластома – наиболее распространенная первичная злокачественная опухоль головного мозга с крайне неблагоприятным прогнозом. Частота феномена «долгожительства» (&gt;3 лет общей выживаемости – OS, overall survival) при данном заболевании 5–10 %. Остаются неясными причины более благоприятного прогноза у данных пациентов.</p><p>Цель работы – сравнение данных клинических и МРТ, а также особенностей комплексного лечения пациентов с супратенториальными глиобластомами – из группы контроля (OS &lt;2 лет) и с феноменом «долгожительства» (OS &gt;3 лет).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включен 41 пациент с полушарными глиобластомами: 17 – с феноменом «долгожительства» (группа «долгожителей», ДЖ); 24 – в группе контроля (ретроспективный набор). С учетом среднего возраста пациентов исследовали особенности МРТ: локализацию опухоли относительно лобной доли; инвазию глубинных структур мозга; соотношение контрастируемой и неконтрастируемой частей глиомы; интенсивность контрастирования опухоли; локализацию рецидива (локальный / дистантный) в случае прогрессирования заболевания. Сравнительный анализ комплексного лечения учитывал: число курсов химиотерапии (ХТ) и режимы облучения – после 1-й операции и после рецидива заболевания; факт и количество повторных резекций опухоли после рецидива; наличие мутации IDH1.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Локализация поражения относительно лобной доли, количество пораженных долей головного мозга и инвазия глубинных структур достоверно не отличались в исследуемых группах. Пациенты ДЖ (проспективный набор) достоверно были моложе, чем пациенты контроля (р &lt;0,05). Для группы ДЖ отмечена тенденция к однодолевому поражению (p = 0,085). Средний объем контрастируемой части опухоли (по данным МРТ в Т1-режиме) у пациентов ДЖ составил 34 см3, а неконтрастируемой (в режиме Т2-FLAIR) – 105 см3, соотношение 1: 3 (p &gt;0,05). Интенсивность контрастирования опухоли в среднем составила 1,5 по сравнению с интактным полушарием мозга. В группе ДЖ повторно оперировано в связи с рецидивом заболевания 8 (47 %) пациентов, а в группе контроля – ни одного (р &lt;0,05). Результаты анализа лучевой терапии после 1-й операции: для пациентов ДЖ медиана СОД – 58 (35–66) Гр, достоверных отличий между группами не выявлено (р &gt;0,05); число курсов темозоломида в группе ДЖ – 9 (6–22), в группе контроля – 6 (3–10), р &lt;0,05. Повторная лучевая терапия в разных режимах: в группе ДЖ – 52 % пациентов, в группе контроля – 0 (р &lt;0,05). Повторная ХТ (17 (9–23) курсов, в основном бевацизумабом): в группе ДЖ – 65 % пациентов, в группе контроля – 0 (р &lt;0,05). Мутация IDH1 исследовалась только у 15 пациентов: положительная – у 1 (группа ДЖ); отрицательная – у 14 пациентов (7 из контрольной группы).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлены достоверные отличия: в группе ДЖ пациенты с супратенториальными глиобластомами более молодого возрас та. Важные особенности комплексного лечения ДЖ: статистически более высокая частота повторных резекций при наступлении рецидивов (47 %) и повторных сеансов лучевой терапии в различных режимах (52 %); достоверно более агрессивная и длительная ХТ (с преобладанием темозоломида в 1-й линии лечения и бевацизумаба при наступлении рецидива). Не выявлены достоверные отличия между двумя исследуемыми группами по локализации опухоли, интенсивности ее контрастирования,  соотношения контрастируемой и неконтрастируемой частей опухоли, инвазии глубинных структур головного мозга, вовлечения функционально значимых зон.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with an extremely unfavorable prognosis. The frequency of the “longevity” phenomenon (&gt;3 years of overall survival – OS) in this disease is 5–10 %. The reasons for the more favorable prognosis in these patients are still unclear.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To compare the clinical and MRI data as well as features of complex treatment of patients with supratentorial glioblastomas among the control group (OS &lt;2 years) and study group (with the phenomenon of “longevity”, OS &gt;3 years).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. This study included 41 patients with hemispheric glioblastomas: 17 with the “longevity” phenomenon (study group – long-term survival (LTS), prospective set); 24 patients in the control group (retrospective set). Taking into account the average age of patients, the following MRI features were examined: tumor localization relative to the frontal lobe; invasion of deep brain structures; the ratio of contrastenhancing and non-contrast-enhancing parts of the glioma; tumor contrast intensity; localization of recurrent tumor (local / distant) in case of  disease progression. Comparative analysis of complex treatment took into account the following parameters: the number of chemotherapy (ChT) courses and radiation regimens after the 1st operation and after disease recurrence; the fact and number of repeated tumor resections after recurrence; the presence of IDH1 mutation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The localization of the lesion relative to the frontal lobe, the number of affected lobes of the brain and the invasion of deep structures did not differ significantly in the examined groups. Patients of study group (LTS, prospective set) were significantly younger than the patients of the control group (p &lt;0.05). The tendency towards a single-lobe lesion was noted in the LTS group (p = 0.085). The average volume of the contrast-enhancing part of the tumor (according to MRI data in the T1 mode) in patients of LTS group was 34 cm3, and the non-contrast-enhancing part (in the T2-FLAIR mode) was 105 cm3, the ratio was 1: 3 (p &gt;0.05). The tumor contrast intensity was 1.5 in average compared to the intact cerebral hemisphere. Among patients of LTS group, 8 patients (47 %) were re-operated due to disease recurrence, while in the control group there were no repeated operations (p &lt;0.05). The results of the analysis of radiation therapy after the 1st operation were the follows: for LTS patients the median total radiation dose (TRD) was 58 (35–66) Gy, with no significant differences between the groups (p &gt;0.05); the number of temozolomide courses in the LTS group were 9 (6–22), while in the control group it was 6 (3–10), p &lt;0.05. The repeated radiotherapy (RT) in different regimens was applied in the LTS group in 52 % of patients, in the control group – 0 (p &lt;0.05). The repeated ChT (17 (9–23) courses, mainly with bevacizumab) was applied in the LTS group in 65 % of patients, in the control group – 0 (p &lt;0.05). The IDH1 mutation was studied only in 15 patients: positive – in 1 (LTS group); negative – in 14 patients (7 from the control group).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The following significant differences were revealed: patients with supratentorial glioblastomas were younger in the LTS group. The important features of the complex treatment of patients in LTS group included statistically higher frequency of repeated resections in case of recurrence (47 %) and repeated sessions of radiotherapy (RT) in various modes (52 %); significantly more aggressive and prolonged ChT (with the predominance of temozolomide in the 1st line of treatment and bevacizumab in case of recurrence). There were no significant differences between two examined groups in tumor localization, intensity of its contrasting, the ratio of contrasted and non-contrast parts of the tumor, invasion of deep structures of the brain, involvement of functionally significant areas (FSA).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>феномен длительной выживаемости</kwd><kwd>OS</kwd><kwd>PFS</kwd><kwd>глиобластомы</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ)</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетические особенности</kwd><kwd>адъювантное лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>phenomenon of long-term survival</kwd><kwd>overall survival (OS)</kwd><kwd>progression free survival (PFS)</kwd><kwd>glioblastomas</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic features</kwd><kwd>adjuvant treatment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при поддержке Министерства образования и науки российской Федерации, грант № 075-15-2021-1343 «развитие биоресурсной коллекции опухолей нервной системы человека с молекулярно-генетической паспортизацией для персонифицированного лечения пациентов с нейроонкологическими заболеваниями».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Ministry of education and science of the russian federation, grant no. 075-15-2021-1343 “Development of a bioresource collection of human nervous system tumors with molecular genetic certification for personalized treatment of patients with neurooncological diseases”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jiang H., Zeng W., Ren X. et al. 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