neurosurgeryНейрохирургияRussian journal of neurosurgery1683-32952587-7569Издательский дом "МедИНК"10.17650/1683-3295-2023-25-3-126-134neurosurgery-1419Research ArticleЛЕКЦИЯLECTUREБазальный передний мозг: анатомия и клиника при его поврежденииBasal forebrain: anatomy and clinical presentation of injuryhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4695-3715ИшкининР. Э.IshkininR. E.

Руслан Эдуардович Ишкинин 

125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16

Ruslan Eduardovich Ishkinin 

16  4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047

rishkinin@nsi.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0374-7970ПицхелауриД. И.PitskhelauriD. I.

125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16

16  4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0588-4779БыкановA. Е.BykanovA. E.

125047 Москва, ул. 4-я Тверская-Ямская, 16

16  4th Tverskaya-Yamskaya St., Moscow 125047

ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава РоссииРоссияN.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation202319102023253126134Copyright © Ишкинин Р.Э., Пицхелаури Д.И., Быканов A.Е., 20232023Ишкинин Р.Э., Пицхелаури Д.И., Быканов A.Е.Ishkinin R.E., Pitskhelauri D.I., Bykanov A.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1419

Область базального переднего мозга характеризуется сложной анатомией с множеством ядер и проводящих путей. Несмотря на его участие в поведенческих, эмоциональных и высших когнитивных функциях, поражения в этой области при опухолевом заболевании или прямом повреждении не всегда проявляются клинически. Глубокое понимание анатомии ядер серого вещества и ассоциативных проводящих путей, проходящих через базальный передний мозг, позволяет по‑другому взглянуть на клинические проявления в до- и послеоперационном периоде. На основе обзора данных литературы мы попытались описать анатомические, филогенетические и функциональные связи базального переднего мозга с соседними регионами и проанализировать, какие изменения в клинической симптоматике появляются при его локальном повреждении.

The basal forebrain is a complex anatomic region with a lot of nuclei and fibers. Tumors or direct lesions of this area do not always manifest clinically despite it taking a part in behavior, emotion and cognition. A deep understanding of the anatomy of the gray matter and associative pathways passing through the basal forebrain allows us to take a different look at clinical manifestations in the preand postoperative period. Based on the literature review, we tried to describe the anatomical, phylogenetic and functional connections of the basal forebrain with surrounding regions and analyze what changes in clinical symptoms appear when it is locally damaged.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.