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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1683-3295-2023-25-1-85-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-1338</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FROM PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реконструктивное внутрисосудистое лечение дистальной аневризмы головного мозга, связанной с миксомой сердца</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reconstructive endovascular treatment of distal cerebral aneurysm associated with cardiac myxoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2769-3551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынов</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynov</surname><given-names>R.  S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Сергеевич Мартынов </p><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman Sergeevich Martynov </p><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Rs_martin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2465-4856</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савелло</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savello</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савчук</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchuk</surname><given-names>A. N. </given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4797-2937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабичев</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babichev</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6936-3040</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кискаев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiskaev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>193312 Санкт-Петербург,  ул. Вавиловых, 14, лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>lit. A, 14 Vavilovykh St., Saint Petersburg 193312</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-9887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свистов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svistov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С. М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Ministry of Defense of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городская больница Cвятой преподобномученицы Елизаветы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Hospital of the Holy Martyr Elizabeth</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>85‑94</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мартынов Р.С., Савелло А.В., Савчук А.Н., Бабичев К.Н., Кискаев А.И., Свистов Д.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мартынов Р.С., Савелло А.В., Савчук А.Н., Бабичев К.Н., Кискаев А.И., Свистов Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Martynov R.S., Savello A.V., Savchuk A.N., Babichev K.N., Kiskaev A.I., Svistov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1338">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1338</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Этиология и патогенез аневризм головного мозга многообразны. Одной из причин их возникновения является кардиоэмболия при опухолях сердца, в частности при миксоме. Миксома сердца (от лат. muxa, mucus – слизь) представляет собой наиболее распространенную (около 50 %) доброкачественную опухоль сердца. При несвоевременной диагностике и отсутствии лечения могут возникать эмболии в сосуды головного мозга с характерной симптоматикой ишемического инсульта, в части случаев развиваются миксомные аневризмы. Существует несколько теорий их возникновения. Чаще миксомные аневризмы сосудов головного мозга встречаются у женщин, в подавляющем большинстве случаев развиваются в каротидных бассейнах. В одной четверти случаев у пациентов заболевание манифестирует интракраниальным кровоизлиянием, вызванным разрывом онкотической (миксомной) аневризмы, что значительно превышает частоту разрывов (1–3 % в год) при «обычных» бифуркационно‑гемодинамических внутричерепных аневризмах. Летальность составляет 3,4 %. Большинство (80 %) разрывов наблюдалось в течение 2 лет после установления диагноза миксомы сердца, а в половине (48,6 %) случаев отмечались клинически значимые эпизоды эмболии. Своевременное лечение позволяет предотвратить геморрагический тип течения этих аневризм. В литературе описаны разнообразные методы лечения: разные варианты хирургической эрадикации, а также возможности химиотерапии и лучевого воздействия.</p><p>Цель работы – представить случай успешного радикального реконструктивного внутрисосудистого лечения пациента с дистальной аневризмой головного мозга, связанной с миксомой сердца, в сочетании с наличием множественных кавернозных мальформаций; осветить вопросы диагностики и дифференциальной диагностики, существующие возможности лечения этих заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Клиническое наблюдение</title><p>Клиническое наблюдение. Пациент со множественными аневризмами, связанными с миксомой сердца, в сочетании с множественными кавернозными ангиомами головного мозга. Продемонстрирована возможность реконструктивной эрадикации дистальной аневризмы после ее трансформации из фузиформной в мешотчатую. Отражены этиология и патогенез возникновения, нюансы дифференциальной диагностики, возможные методы и алгоритм выбора метода лечения аневризм головного мозга, связанных с миксомами.  Пациенту выполнено реконструктивное выключение аневризмы путем эмболизации микроспиралями, что стало возможным благодаря анатомической форме, благоприятствующей такому виду лечения. Конверсии в деструктивное вмешательство не потребовалось. В связи с естественным течением заболевания у пациента остается риск прогрессирования дистальной аневризмы в бассейне той же артерии, в связи с чем он будет наблюдаться в динамике.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Всем пациентам с миксомами сердца как до, так и после их удаления в динамике рекомендуется выполнять неинвазивную визуализацию сосудов головного мозга на предмет верификации такого осложнения, как метастатические (миксомные) аневризмы. Прогноз у большинства пациентов с множественными внутричерепными аневризмами, связанными с миксомой, благоприятный, и большинство аневризм, связанных с миксомой, стабильны. Но в случаях с прогрессирующими или разорвавшимися аневризмами следует рассматривать варианты хирургического лечения, включая микрохирургическую или эндоваскулярную эрадикацию. Определенное терапевтическое значение могут иметь методы лучевой и химиотерапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The etiology and pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms are diverse. The rare cause of cerebral aneurysms occurrence is cardioembolism in cases of heart tumors, in particular in myxoma. Cardiac myxoma (from Latin muxa, mucus) is the most common (about 50 %) benign tumor of heart. With untimely diagnosis and absence of the disease treatment, embolisms in cerebral vessels may occur with typical symptoms of ischemic stroke as well as in some cases the myxomal aneurysms may develop. There are several theories of their origin. The myxomal aneurysms of cerebral vessels are more common in women and in the vast majority of cases they develop in carotid basins. In a quarter of cases, the disease onsets as intracranial hemorrhage caused by rupture of an oncotic (myxomal) aneurysm, that significantly exceeds the frequency of ruptures (1–3 % per year) in cases of “normal” bifurcation‑hemodynamic intracranial aneurysms. The mortality rate is 3.4 %. The majority (80 %) of ruptures were observed within 2 years after the diagnosis of cardiac myxoma, and in half (48.6 %) of cases clinically significant episodes of embolism were noted. Timely treatment can prevent the hemor rhagic type of course of these aneurysms. Various methods of treatment are described in the literature: different options for surgical eradication as well as the possibilities of chemotherapy and radiation exposure.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To present a case of successful radical reconstructive endovascular treatment of patient with distal cerebral aneurysm associated with cardiac myxoma, combined with presence of multiple cavernous malformations and also to highlight issues of diagnosis, differential diagnosis and existing treatment options for these diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Clinical observation</title><p>Clinical observation. The article presents a clinical observation of multiple aneurysms associated with myxoma of the heart in combination with multiple cavernous angiomas of the brain. The possibility of reconstructive eradication of distal aneurysm after its transformation from fusiform to saccular is demonstrated. The etiology and pathogenesis of occurrence, the nuances of differential diagnosis, possible methods and the algorithm for choosing a method for treating brain aneurysms associated with myxomas are reflected. The patient underwent reconstructive aneurysm shutdown by embolization with microspirals, which became possible due to the anatomical shape that favored this type of treatment. Conversion to destructive intervention was not required. Due to the natural course of the disease, the patient remains at risk of progression of a distal aneurysm in the basin of the same artery, and therefore it will be observed in dynamics.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. All patients with cardiac myxomas, both before and in dynamics after their removal, are recommended to perform noninvasive visualization of brain vessels for verification of such complication as metastatic (myxomal) aneurysms. The prognosis in most patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms associated with myxoma is favorable and most aneurysms associated with myxoma are stable. However, in cases with progressive or ruptured aneurysms, surgical treatment options should be considered including microsurgical or endovascular eradication. Radiation and chemotherapy methods may have a certain therapeutic value.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>онкотические аневризмы</kwd><kwd>миксоматозные аневризмы</kwd><kwd>миксома сердца</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>эмболизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oncotic aneurysms</kwd><kwd>myxomatous aneurysms</kwd><kwd>cardiac myxoma</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>embolization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Медведев Ю.А., Забродская Ю.М. 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