<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1683-3295-2021-24-1-56-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-1172</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Транскраниальное дуплексное сканирование в оценке исхода микрохирургического лечения пациентов с разрывами церебральных аневризм</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transcranial duplex sonography in assessing microsurgical treatment outcome for patients with ruptured cerebral artery aneurysms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9669-9164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хамидова</surname><given-names>Л. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hamidova</surname><given-names>L. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2713-3498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евграфов</surname><given-names>П. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evgrafov</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Геннадьевич Евграфов</p><p>Россия, 129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel Gennadevich Evgrafov</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gembov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6973-4430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбалко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybalko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8975-7875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шетова</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shetova</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриков</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-8926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н. В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А. И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>56‑68</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хамидова Л.Т., Евграфов П.Г., Рыбалко Н.В., Шетова И.М., Петриков С.С., Крылов В.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хамидова Л.Т., Евграфов П.Г., Рыбалко Н.В., Шетова И.М., Петриков С.С., Крылов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hamidova L.T., Evgrafov P.G., Rybalko N.V., Shetova I.M., Petrikov S.S., Krylov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1172">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1172</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – определить роль ультразвуковых параметров церебрального кровотока в прогнозировании риска неблагоприятного исхода у больных с нетравматическим субарахноидальным кровоизлиянием.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование ретроспективно включены 413 пациентов, поступивших в НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского в 2010–2020 гг. с диагнозом «аневризматическое нетравматическое субарахноидальное кровоизлияние», из них мужчин – 201 (48,7 %), женщин – 212 (51,3 %). Средний возраст пациентов составил 51 ± 12 лет. Все пациенты оперированы открытым способом (клипирование аневризмы). Тяжесть состояния при поступлении и перед операцией оценивали по шкале Hunt–Hess. Транскраниальное дуплексное сканирование артерий головного мозга проводили всем пациентам при поступлении, перед операцией и ежедневно после операции (до 10 сут от момента разрыва аневризмы, всего 2612 исследований). Оценивали степень ангиоспазма по средней мозговой артерии и распространенность ангиоспазма в соответствии с описанной ранее классификацией, а также индекс Линдегаарда (K.F. Lindegaard). Всем пациентам проводили компьютерную томографию с оценкой интенсивности субарахноидального кровоизлияния по шкале Фишера (C.M. Fisher) и объема возникших после операции очагов ишемии в бассейне средней мозговой артерии. Исход заболевания оценивали по шкале исходов Глазго. Сформировано 2 группы пациентов в зависимости от исхода заболевания. Группа 1: неблагоприятный исход (1–3 балла по шкале исходов Глазго – смерть, вегетативное состояние или глубокая инвалидизация с необходимостью постоянного ухода). Группа 2: благоприятный исход (4–5 баллов – восстановление или умеренная инвалидизация). Для выявления факторов риска неблагоприятного исхода применен метод бинарной логистической регрессии. В отдаленном периоде после хирургического лечения 104 пациента (68 женщин и 36 мужчин) прошли обследование с использованием комплекса неврологических оценок: модифицированной шкалы Рэнкина, индекса Бартела, краткий опросник MMSE, госпитальная шкала тревоги и депрессии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Благоприятный клинический исход (группа 2) зафиксировали у 221 (53,5 %), неблагоприятный (группа 1) – у 192 (46,5 %) пациентов. Выявлены следующие независимые факторы риска неблагоприятного исхода: наличие ангиоспазма по средней мозговой артерии до операции, выраженный или диффузный ангиоспазм. Суточный прирост линейной скорости кровотока по средней мозговой артерии – предиктор неблагоприятного исхода (по данным унивариантного анализа, составил 51,6 см/с). На основе полученных данных создана и представлена математическая модель прогноза неблагоприятного исхода у пациентов с нетравматическим субарахноидальным кровоизлиянием. Чувствительность модели составила 88,5 %, специфичность – 76,0 %. Увеличение линейной скорости кровотока на 58,7 см/с в течение суток ассоциировалось с увеличением степени инвалидности по модифицированной шкале Рэнкина на 1 балл. Показано, что ангиоспазм негативно влияет на когнитивные функции и способность к самообслуживанию в отдаленном периоде заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Продемонстрировано, что ультразвуковые признаки ангиоспазма – независимые предикторы как неблагоприятного исхода, так и ухудшения функциональных результатов лечения больных с нетравматическим субарахноидальным кровоизлиянием.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Study objective</title><p>Study objective. To determine the role of transcranial duplex sonography measurements in prognosing the risk of adverse outcome in patients with nontraumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. In 2010–2020 413 patients admitted to N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department with aneurysmatic subarachnoid haemorrhage were enrolled into the study, including 201 males (48.7 %) and 212 females (51.3 %). Mean age was 51 ± 12 years. All patients were treated surgically (aneurysm clipping). Patients’ status on admission and before surgery was evaluated according to Hunt and Hess scoring system. Transcranial duplex sonography was conducted in all patients on admission, before surgical treatment and on a daily basis after aneurysm clipping (up to the 10th day after aneurysm rupture, 2,612 examinations in total). The degree of angiospasm in middle cerebral artery, Lindegaard ratio and the presence of diffuse angiospasm in all arteries of Willis circle were assessed according to a previously described classification system. Brain computed tomography scans were used to determine the extent of subarachnoid haemorrhage according to C. M. Fisher scale and volume of ischemic lesions in areas supplied by middle cerebral artery. Outcomes were rated according to Glasgow Outcome Scale. Study sample was divided into two groups according to outcome. Group 1: adverse outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale 1–3). Group 2: favorable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale 4–5). Binary logistic regression was applied to reveal risk factors for adverse outcome. To define long-term treatment outcome 104 patients (68 females, 36 males) were examined using neurologic scoring systems: Modified Rankin Scale, Barthel Index, Mini-Mental State Exam, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Favorable outcome (group 2) was ascertained in 221 (53.5 %), unfavorable outcome (group 1) – in 192 (46.5 %) patients. The following independent risk factors for unfavorable outcome were detected: angiospasm in middle cerebral artery before surgery, severe angiospasm in middle cerebral artery and diffuse angiospasm. According to univariate analysis, daily increase in middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity by 51.6 cm / s was associated with adverse outcome either. Binary logistic regression model was able to predict unfavorable outcome with sensitivity 88.5 %, specificity 76.0 %. Daily increase in middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity by 58.7 cm / s was associated with Modified Rankin Scale increase by 1 point. Angiospasm proved to be strongly connected with cognitive and self-care ability impairment on follow-up.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Ultrasonic signs of angiospasm in patients with aneurysmatic subarachnoid haemorrhage are independent predictors of adverse outcome and long-term results worsening.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субарахноидальное кровоизлияние</kwd><kwd>ангиоспазм</kwd><kwd>транскраниальное дуплексное сканирование</kwd><kwd>индекс Линдегаарда</kwd><kwd>отдаленные результаты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>subarachnoid hemorrhage</kwd><kwd>angiospasm</kwd><kwd>transcranial duplex sonography</kwd><kwd>Lindegaard ratio</kwd><kwd>long-term results</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marshall S.A., Nyquist P., Ziai W.C. The role of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2010;21(2):291–303. DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2009.10.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marshall S.A., Nyquist P., Ziai W.C. The role of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2010;21(2):291–303. DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2009.10.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith M. Intensive care management of patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2007;20(5):400–7. DOI: 10.1097/aco.0b013e3282efa686.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith M. Intensive care management of patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2007;20(5):400–7. DOI: 10.1097/aco.0b013e3282efa686.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ecker A., Riewmanschneider P.A. Arteriographic demonstration of spasm of the intracranial arteries: With special reference to saccular arterial aneurisms. J Neurosurg 1951;8(6):600–67. DOI: 10.3171/jns.1951.8.6.0660.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ecker A., Riewmanschneider P.A. Arteriographic demonstration of spasm of the intracranial arteries: With special reference to saccular arterial aneurisms. J Neurosurg 1951;8(6):600–67. DOI: 10.3171/jns.1951.8.6.0660.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chou C.-H., Reed S.D., Allsbrook J.S. et al. Costs of vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2010;67(2):345–52. DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000371980.08391.71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chou C.-H., Reed S.D., Allsbrook J.S. et al. Costs of vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2010;67(2):345–52. DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000371980.08391.71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aaslid R., Huber P., Nornes H. Evaluation of cerebrovascular spasm with transcranial Doppler ultrasound. J Neurosurg 1984;60(1):37–41. DOI: 10.3171/jns.1984.60.1.0037.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aaslid R., Huber P., Nornes H. Evaluation of cerebrovascular spasm with transcranial Doppler ultrasound. J Neurosurg 1984;60(1):37–41. DOI: 10.3171/jns.1984.60.1.0037.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aaslid R., Markwalder T.M., Nornes H. Noninvasive transcranial Doppler ultrasound recording of flow velocity in basal cerebral arteries. J Neurosurg 1982;57(6):769–74. DOI: 10.3171/jns.1982.57.6.0769.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aaslid R., Markwalder T.M., Nornes H. Noninvasive transcranial Doppler ultrasound recording of flow velocity in basal cerebral arteries. J Neurosurg 1982;57(6):769–74. DOI: 10.3171/jns.1982.57.6.0769.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хирургия аневризм головного мозга. Под ред. В.В. Крылова. М.: Изд-во Т.А. Алексеева, 2011. Т. 1. с. 126–65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Surgery for cerebral aneurysms. Ed. by V.V. Krylov. Moscow: Izd-vo T.A. Alekseeva, 2011. V. 1. с. 126–65. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куксова Н.С., Хамидова Л.Т., Трофимова Е.Ю. Оценка функционального состояния головного мозга при нетравматическом субарахноидальном кровоизлиянии. Часть I. Сосудистый спазм, ишемия мозга и электрическая активность. Нейрохирургия 2011;(3):34–42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuksova N.S., Khamidova L.T., Trofimova E.Yu. Estimation of brain functional state during nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Part 1. Angiospasm, brain ischemia and electrical activity. Neirokhirurgiya = Russian Journal of Neurosurgery 2011;(3):34–42. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lindegaard K.F., Nornes H., Bakke S.J. et al. Cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage investigated by means of transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 1988;42:81–4. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-8975-7_16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lindegaard K.F., Nornes H., Bakke S.J. et al. Cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage investigated by means of transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 1988;42:81–4. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-8975-7_16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li D.-D., Chang J.-Y., Zhou C.-X., Cui J.-B. Clinical diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage by using transcranial Doppler sonography. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018;22(7):2029–35. DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201804_14732.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li D.-D., Chang J.-Y., Zhou C.-X., Cui J.-B. Clinical diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage by using transcranial Doppler sonography. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018;22(7):2029–35. DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201804_14732.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aaslid R. Transcranial Doppler assessment of cerebral vasospasm. Eur J Ultrasound 2002;16(1–2):3–10. DOI: 10.1016/s0929-8266(02)00045-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aaslid R. Transcranial Doppler assessment of cerebral vasospasm. Eur J Ultrasound 2002;16(1–2):3–10. DOI: 10.1016/s0929-8266(02)00045-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Findlay J.M., Nisar J., Darsaut T. Cerebral vasospasm: A review. Can J Neurol Sci 2016;43(1):15–32. DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2015.288.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Findlay J.M., Nisar J., Darsaut T. Cerebral vasospasm: A review. Can J Neurol Sci 2016;43(1):15–32. DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2015.288.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wozniak M.A., Sloan M.A., Rothman M.I. et al. Detection of vasospasm by transcranial Doppler sonography. The challenges of the anterior and posterior cerebral arteries. J Neuroimaging 1996;6(2):87–93. DOI: 10.1111/jon19966287.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wozniak M.A., Sloan M.A., Rothman M.I. et al. Detection of vasospasm by transcranial Doppler sonography. The challenges of the anterior and posterior cerebral arteries. J Neuroimaging 1996;6(2):87–93. DOI: 10.1111/jon19966287.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mastantuono J.-M., Combescure Ch., Elia N. et al. Transcranial Doppler in the diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm: An updated meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2018;46(10):1665–72. DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003297.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mastantuono J.-M., Combescure Ch., Elia N. et al. Transcranial Doppler in the diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm: An updated meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2018;46(10):1665–72. DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003297.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крылов В.В., Григорьева Е.В., Хамидова Л.Т., Муслимов Р.Ш. Сравнительный анализ данных компьютерной томографии и интракраниальной допплерографии у пациентов с церебральным ангиоспазмом. Неврологический журнал 2016;21(6):344–52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krylov V.V., Grigoreva E.V., Khamidova L.T., Muslimov R.Sh. Comparative analysis of CT and intracranial doppler in patients with cerebral angiospasm. Nevrologicheskiy zhurnal = Neurological Journal 2016; 21(6):344–52. (In Russ.).DOI: 10.18821/1560-9545-2016-21-6-344-352.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хамидова Л.Т., Крылов В.В., Петриков С.С., Рыбалко Н.В. Транскраниальная допплерография у больных с разрывом аневризм головного мозга в оценке церебральной гемодинамики и прогнозировании исходов заболевания. Медицинская визуализация 2019; 2:127–36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khamidova L.T., Krylov V.V., Petrikov S.S., Rybalko N.V. Transcranial doppler in patients with ruptured brain aneurysms in cerebral hemodynamics evaluation and outcomes predicting. Meditsinskaya vizualizatsiya = Medical Visualization 2019;23(2):127–36. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.24835/1607-0763-2019-2-127-136.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gonzalez N.R., Boscardin W.J., Glenn T. et al. Vasospasm probability index: A combination of transcranial Doppler velocities, cerebral blood flow, and clinical risk factors to predict cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2007;107(6):1101–12. DOI: 10.3171/jns-07/12/1101.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gonzalez N.R., Boscardin W.J., Glenn T. et al. Vasospasm probability index: A combination of transcranial Doppler velocities, cerebral blood flow, and clinical risk factors to predict cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2007;107(6):1101–12. DOI: 10.3171/jns-07/12/1101.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qureshi A.I., Sung G.Y., Razumovsky A.Y. et al. Early identification of patients at risk for symptomatic vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 2000;28(4):984–90. DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200004000-00012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qureshi A.I., Sung G.Y., Razumovsky A.Y. et al. Early identification of patients at risk for symptomatic vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 2000;28(4):984–90. DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200004000-00012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krejza J., Mariak Z., Lewko J. Standardization of flow velocities with respect to age and sex improves the accuracy of transcranial color Doppler sonography of middle cerebral artery spasm. Am J Roentgenol 2003;181(1):245–52. DOI: 10.2214/ajr.181.1.1810245.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krejza J., Mariak Z., Lewko J. Standardization of flow velocities with respect to age and sex improves the accuracy of transcranial color Doppler sonography of middle cerebral artery spasm. Am J Roentgenol 2003;181(1):245–52. DOI: 10.2214/ajr.181.1.1810245.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
