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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurosurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нейрохирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of neurosurgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1683-3295</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7569</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательский дом "МедИНК"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1683-3295-2021-23-3-59-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurosurgery-1078</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FROM PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Интраоперационный нейрофизиологический мониторинг дополнительной моторной зоны коры головного мозга. Наблюдения из практики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of intraoperative neuromonitoring of the supplementary motor area of the brain. Literature review and case report</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-9400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каньшина</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanshina</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105203 Москва, ул. Нижняя Первомайская, 70,</p><p>119180 Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya St., Moscow 105203, </p><p>22 Bolshaya Polyanka St., Moscow 119180</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0102-1378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подгурская</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podgurskaya</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Геннадьевна Подгурская </p><p>105203 Москва, ул. Нижняя Первомайская, 70</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria G. Podgurskaya </p><p>70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya St., Moscow 105203</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vikket@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4874-248X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>Д. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovleva</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105203 Москва, ул. Нижняя Первомайская, 70</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya St., Moscow 105203</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0278-3470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malysheva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0549-9069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чемодакова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chemodakova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Akademika Lebedeva St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2974-1462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105203 Москва, ул. Нижняя Первомайская, 70</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya St., Moscow 105203</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; &#13;
ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical and Surgical Center n. a. N.I. Pirogov, Ministry of Health of Russia; &#13;
Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical and Surgical Center n. a. N.I. Pirogov, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy n. a. S.M. Kirov, Ministry of Defense of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каньшина Д.С., Подгурская М.Г., Яковлева Д.B., Малышева О.В., Чемодакова К.А., Зуев А.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каньшина Д.С., Подгурская М.Г., Яковлева Д.B., Малышева О.В., Чемодакова К.А., Зуев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanshina D.S., Podgurskaya M.G., Yakovleva D.V., Malysheva O.V., Chemodakova K.A., Zuev A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1078">https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1078</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Синдром дополнительной моторной зоны (ДМЗ) – симптомокомплекс, возникающий в результате повреждения премоторной коры и ее субкортикальной проекции. Общепринятый протокол функционального картирования ДМЗ при проведении нейрохирургического вмешательства этой области отсутствует.</p><p>Цель публикации – обобщить данные научной литературы и описать 2 случая лечения пациентов с опухолью, расположенной в области задних отделов верхней лобной извилины, с применением интраоперационного нейромониторинга. С учетом локализации опухоли одна операция выполнена с пробуждением, другая – по протоколу тотальной внутривенной анестезии с картированием только моторного представительства.</p></sec><sec><title>Клинические случаи</title><p>Клинические случаи. У обоих пациентов при интраоперационной прямой электростимуляции коры головного мозга, подлежащей резекции, вызванные моторные ответы зарегистрированы не были. Используемые модальности позволяли непрерывно оценивать состоятельность кортикоспинального тракта. Во время операции с пробуждением были зарегистрированы эпизоды одномоментного нарушения речи и прекращения движений в руке на контра‑ латеральной стороне при стимуляции в субкортикальной проекции ДМЗ на силе тока 1–2 мА. У обоих пациентов в раннем послеоперационном периоде наблюдалось развитие грубого транзиторного неврологического дефицита в виде гемипареза и сенсомоторной афазии, расцененного как проявление пострезекционного синдрома ДМЗ. При контрольном осмотре спустя 6–7 мес после операции наблюдались легкий гемипарез (до 4–5 баллов), нарушение бимануальной координации и порождения спонтанной речи.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При картировании коры и проводящих путей головного мозга область локализации ДМЗ можно пред‑ положить на основании возникновения негативного моторного ответа, применяя протокол низкочастотной 1 Гц стимуляции под контролем электрокортикограммы. Необходимо продолжение исследований для определения максимально информативного способа картирования ДМЗ до и во время операций. С учетом представленных слу‑ чаев, вопрос о проведении операций с пробуждением у пациентов с локализацией объемного образования в задних отделах лобной доли полушарий остается открытым.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Supplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome is a symptom complex resulting from damage to the premotor cortex and it’s subcortical projection. There is no generally accepted protocol for functional mapping of SMA during neurosurgical intervention in this area.</p><p>The objective of the publication is to present a review of the literature and clinical cases from practice that describes the treatment of two patients with glioblastomas in the posterior regions of the superior frontal gyrus with IOM. Given the localization of the tumor in the dominant hemisphere, one operation was performed with awakening, the other according to the protocol of total intravenous anesthesia with mapping of only motor representative areas.</p></sec><sec><title>Clinical cases</title><p>Clinical cases. In both cases, during intraoperative direct electrical stimulation of the cortex subjected to resection, evoked motor responses were not recorded. The modalities used made it possible to continuously evaluate the viability of the cortico‑spinal tract. During the surgery with awakening, episodes of an instantaneous termination of the initia‑ tion of speech and counter directional movements in the arm were recorded – in the subcortical projection of the SMA at a current strength of 1–2 mA. Both patients in the early postoperative period showed the development of a gross transient neurological deficit in the form of hemiparesis and sensorimotor aphasia, which was a manifestation of pos‑ tresection SMA syndrome. During the follow‑up (control) examination 6–7 months after the operation, the following was observed in the clinical picture: mild hemiparesis up to 4–5 points, impaired bimanual coordination; difficulty the ini‑ tiation of speech spontaneous speech.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. When mapping the cortex and subcortical structures, the localization of SMA can be assumed in the event of a negative motor response of the cerebral cortex using the protocol of low‑frequency 1 Hz stimulation under EcoG control. Standardization of the SMA mapping protocol would be useful in clinical practice for determining the bounda</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>интраоперационный нейрофизиологический мониторинг</kwd><kwd>синдром дополнительной моторной зоны</kwd><kwd>картирование</kwd><kwd>кортикоспинальный тракт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intraoperative neuromonitoring</kwd><kwd>supplementary motor area syndrome</kwd><kwd>mapping</kwd><kwd>cortico‑spinal tract</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walshe F.M.R. On disorders of motor function following an ablation of part of the “legarea” of the cortex of man. 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