neurosurgeryНейрохирургияRussian journal of neurosurgery1683-32952587-7569Издательский дом "МедИНК"10.17650/1683-3295-2021-23-1-135-145neurosurgery-1020Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWМагнитно-резонансная томография в диагностике артериовенозных мальформаций сосудов головного мозга и оценке результатов их стереотаксического радиохирургического лечения (обзор литературы)Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of brain arteriovenous malformations and in the evaluation of the results of stereotactic radiosurgery (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8415-5602ТокаревА. С.TokarevA. S.

Россия, 127006 Москва, Оружейный пер., 43

Россия, 129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3

43 Oruzheyny Ln., Moscow 127006, Russia

3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090, Russia

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4969-0287ЧувилинС. А.ChuvilinS. A.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0635-6783НезнановаМ. В.NeznanovaM. V.

Мария Викторовна Незнанова

Россия, 129090 Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3

Maria Viktorovna Neznanova

3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090, Russia

mashaneznanova@inbox.ruДепартамент здравоохранения г. Москвы; ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н. В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»РоссияMoscow Healthcare Department; N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare DepartmentRussian FederationГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н. В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»РоссияN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow Healthcare DepartmentRussian Federation202104052021231135‑145Copyright © Токарев А.С., Чувилин С.А., Незнанова М.В., 20212021Токарев А.С., Чувилин С.А., Незнанова М.В.Tokarev A.S., Chuvilin S.A., Neznanova M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.therjn.com/jour/article/view/1020

Артериовенозные мальформации (АВМ), несмотря на достаточно низкую распространенность, считаются опасной для жизни патологией в связи с риском внутримозгового кровоизлияния, которое в большинстве случаев приводит к инвалидизации. В обзоре освещена эпидемиология, особенности клинической картины, современные методы диагностики и лечения АВМ, а также прогноз и исходы при данной патологии. В настоящее время для лечения АВМ проводят микрохирургическое удаление, эндоваскулярную эмболизацию, стереотаксическое радиохирургическое вмешательство или используют комбинацию методов. Особое внимание в статье уделено стереотаксической радиохирургии – высокоэффективному неинвазивному методу, позволяющему достичь высокой степени облитерации АВМ при низком риске развития осложнений. Представлены результаты использования магнитно-резонансной томографии в оценке степени облитерации и диагностике постлучевых осложнений. Уточнение алгоритма этого обследования необходимо для выявления статистически значимых факторов, влияющих на процесс облитерации.

Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are quite rare, but they are dangerous pathology due to the risk of rupture and intracranial hemorrhage, which leads to disability. This review enlights the epidemiology of AVM and their symptoms, current methods of diagnostics and treatment as well as prognosis and treatment outcomes. Nowadays microsurgical removal, endovascular embolization, stereotactic radiosurgery and combination of these methods are used in clinical practice for AVMs treatment. Stereotactic radiosurgery is a highly effective non-invasive technique resulting in high degree of AVM obliteration with low risk of complications. The results of magnetic resonance imaging usage in assessing the degree of obliteration and the development of post-radiation complications are presented in this article. The optimization of magnetic resonance imaging algorithm is necessary for determination of statistically significant factors affecting the obliteration process.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.